Apparatus for use in brewing.



No. 846,187. PATENTMED MAR. 5, 1907.

0.13. DAVIS.

APPARATUS FOR USE IN BREWING.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV 15. 1905.

3 vemjioz CHARLES B. navis'or'nniv YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR USE lN BREWlNGn Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. March 5, 1907..

Application filed November 15, 1905. Serial No. 287,384:-

TQ rtZZ whom, it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, GnARLEs BENSON DAVIS, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing at the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county,and State of New ork, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Apparatus for Use in Brewing, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formingpart of the same.

Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view of a tun embodying myinvention, but showing the greater part of the interior mechanism infull lines, th ough some arts are also in section to more clearly exhiit the details. Fig. 2 is a plan view, on a reduced scale, of thesparger. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the second or strainer gatehereinafter described.

My invention relates to apparatus for use in brewing, and particularlyto what is called a maslntun, though I do not limit my claim to amash-tun, as the apparatus may readily be used as a cooker, a hop-j'ack,or a fermenting and settling vat; and it consists in the devices andcombinations of devices hereinafter claimed.

In brewing, as is Well known, the ground malt or grist from the hopperor ground barley, rice, or corn from the cooker is led into a vat or tuncalled the mash-tun, where it is treated "th water to extract thevaluable beenmaking elements. Thence the extract to be converted intobeer must be conducted to other devices, and the spent grains must alsobe withdrawn for such use as they 'are suitable.

To obviate difficulties of some earlier devices, I construct my tun insuch forn that for atlcast the major part of its height it decreases incross area toward the bottom, as is plainly shown. In practice this isbest accomplished by constructing the tun in the form of an invertedhollow cone frustum T, supported in any suitable manner and ex tendingthrough the lloor F of the apartment wherein its main portion islocated.- it is preferably provided with a double wall or acketed, as atJ, in order that cooling or heating liquids may be conveniently employodto control or change the temperature of the contained mass andespecially to preserve an oven temperature inthc mash during the sparing and sa'ccliarilication, and inlet and out ct'pipes j .j, havingstop-cocks 1;, lead to and from the ja(';ket -space. At

the top it isprovidcd with a tight cover'C,

referably convex and furnished with an inet-pipe M for introducing themash, another, G, for introducing other material, and a door D, whichmay be opened to inspect the mash or the machinery within the tun.

Within the tun I locate a rake R, preferably constructed of piping, sojoined together that liquids may readily pass from the central shaft tothe arms and back again. In its 6 5 best form this rake has a centralupright hollow shaft S, mounted in a support 25 at the lower endextending through the cover at the top and journaled to revolve insuitable bearings. Gears g 'g, connected to a source of 7c power,furnish means for conveniently oper-- ating it. The arms a branch fromthis central shaft preferably at points alternating from side .to sideand in an upwardly oblique direction, their outer ends being connectedto other pipes 0, which substantially conform to the outline of theinterior face 'of the tun, except at the top, and approach the wall asclosely as free working Wlll permit. Atseveral points (here three oneach side) this outline pipe is carried away (by bends or joints 6) fromthe face of the tun that it may clear the thermometer-tube T, I preferto there place. Above the cover a funnel-piece f is secured to theshaft-pipe S, and an aperture p in said 8 5 shaft below the upper edgeof the funnel permits any liquid introduced into the funnelsay by pipeP-to flow down the hollow shaft S and thence into the arms andconnecting pipes of the rake, such flow being controlled 0 by a valve 4)in said shaft-piping.

Within the cover 1 secure to shaft S a spirally-coiled pipe S, providedwith numerous apertures 1/ to actas a sparger. At the center thissparger S communicates with a funnel-piece 1",, preferably surroundingshaft Sand having in its wall an aperture which opens into S, and afeed-pipe 1, provided witha. stop-cock 1), extends through the wall orcover oftho tun and opens within the circle of the funnel-piece thusproviding an always-ready means of introducing liquid into the spargorS.

Spargcrs have been heretofore constructed in the form of a-single lou garm, arranged to 10 5 revolve about or with a central shaft 1 but suchform does not admit of the introduction of the sparging-Watersimultaneously over substantially the whole surface of the grains in thetun. I i-my spargonon the contrary, I 10 the apertures for theescape ofthe sparging-' water are disposed over the surface generally and even ifit did not rotate with the shaft the siarging-water' escaping throughthem woul be distributed evenly and generally. over the surface of themass in the tun. 5 This insures a more rapid, general, and evendistribution of the spargin -water than a single arm would effect, andmy experimentslead me to believe that the results thereby attained aresuperior to those produced by other forms of spar rers.

At the lower on the shaft S ispreierably supported upon a tripod i bymeans of a footpiece t shrunk or otherwise firmly secured to the shaftby a tight joint and turning upon a bearing b uponthe tripod, one arm ofthe tri od itself bein extended beyond the we 1 of'the tun or piercedand provided with a pipe, as shown-at t, to provide an outlet for anyfluid in the hollow. rake, such outlet bein controlled by a stop-cock '0p Be ow the rake-support, referably, the tun is extended downward to'orm a false bot tom or separating-tank T and also, proton ably, threegates are provided to )roperly control the desired operations. The firstgate G shuts the tun-bottom entireb holding the mash above it, and untilwit idrnwn prevents its entry into the tank, thereby protectin the sieveor strainer ot the second gate l rom being injured or clogged during themashing an sacchariiieation of the grist. The second gate G is providedwith a movable sieve or strainer 8, whose, mesh may be varied to suitthe condition of themalt. If that were steely or lassy, it probably hasand certainly shou d have been crushed 'or round fine, and a fine sieveis re uired, .wh1 e if it were mealy or fragile it probably has beencrushed or ground coarse, and sieves correspondingl'i coarse or bothcoarse and fins are require The third gate, likenthe first, closes thetank T but at the'bottom and retains the worts prior to running them tothe ltett e and when opened permits the exit of the spent grains at theendiof the spargingperiod.

One or more pipes P extend irom the tank '1 below the second and abovethe third gate to convey theworts to the kettle, and a further pipewhich may be used as an airvent, leads from tank T up to a point abovethe intended level of the mash, as shown. It has a branch P leading intothe tun T, and stop-cocks V 2 V for controlling its operation.

My tun possesses many and important advantages. Its shape insures thatit may be readily and speedily emptied, simply by the force of gravity,since. 1th converging walls present no horlzontal base upon whichmaterial may 'lod e' and be sustained against such force. T lat shapealso insures economy in the power need to move the gate. The great hull?of the mash will be nearer the rake-shaft than in a truly eylin 65drical or rectangular tun, and the leverage the reme and resuiti exertedby the mass against the turning of the rake will be less than in saidother forms. The sparging will be more perfect. That of course ischeatedby the introduction of water through pipe 1 and funnel f ,to the spargerS, whence it escapes through apertures 1), being thereby sprinkled overthe surface of the mash. Some of it seeps throu ii the comparativelyshallow quantities oi the mas hlying at the outer part of the mass atthe to o and that part of the wallof the tun vertically below such partof the surface and then follows down at the side oi the tun and is notrequired to travel the entire depth of the grains. It trickles down intothe tank T, and will. the other waler- -ouch, for instance, as may beintroduced through pipes P and l and the other grains produces a auctionor partial 'vaeuu m ei'l'ect,

drawing the ext) letely from 8 "d brilliant worts.

Y lnstelul of, as hereto v grains from tour per i i live per rent. ofextract, which. prerti lily lost, ll iii: d that a normally preparedllllliiu, consisting; of malt or rnaltwrth raw or prepared cereals spar'ed with the usual quantity oi water, wil in my apparatus be completedinless time than with former devices and will leave substantially nosoluble extract in the grains.

Again, the shape of the ordinary tun per mite the formation of fissuresor cracks through the mash, down which. cracks the sparse-water, findingthere less resistance, we won d flow, leaving the valuable solubleextracts in the gram, butin my device the leasing in the 'form of thetun causes the mash in settling:

to be forced toward the center, thus preventing the formation of suchfissures or cracks and avoiding their objectionable consequences.- Thealternate arrangement of the arms of the rake causes the mesh to be morethoroughly stirred than would otherwise be the case, an arm on one sidetraversing a space up between those traversed by the higher and lowerarms on the other side.

Being hollow and connected, the shaft, bars, and connectingipes form aeontinu one system through w ich cooling or heating H 5 liquids maybepassed when desired. This porm1ts the rake to be used as an attemperatorwhen the apparatus is serving: the urposes of a fermentmg and settlingvat. hen the rake is also used as a rouser.

The use of pipe 1? serves as an air-inlet to prevent the formation of avacuum, which would check the flow of worts from the tank cold water orlive steam (as the case may re- CLUIIG) directly into the mash withouta. multlplicity of pipes.

This apparatus may be operated under pressure or vacuum, or the wortsmay be run I3 would also include a strainer off by gravity alone. So,too, the s ent grain may be readily discharged throng P upon openingall. three of the gates, thus leaving the apparatus ready for anotherrun.

I do not limit my claim to an apparatus embodying all the details of theone described, as it is manifest that many of its advantages might besecured though several of such de-' tails were omitted; nor do I limitmyself to the exact form and arrangement shown.

Various changes might be made without in any sense departing from thespirit of the invention. For instance, the sieve is not always mademovable, though I prefer that form. Moreover, my use of the word sieveis to be understood in the broad sense, which and a grating as well as asieve, coming within a limited definition of that word.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,'is

1. In abrewing apparatus, the combination of a tun provided with adischargeopen the discharge mg, a sieve arranged beyond said opening andadapted to pass liquids flowing from the tun, but to arrest solids andretain them substantially within the tun, and a gate arranged in frontof said sieve and between it and the interior of the tun and adapted,when. closed, to protect said sieve, all substantially as set forth.

2. In a brewing apparatus,the combination .of a tun, a rake within saidtun, formed of a series of connected parts, comprising a shaft, armsextending therefrom, and binders connecting them, together with a spiralsparger supported on the shaft of said rake, at substantiallyrightangles to the plane of the arms, and secured to said rake, wherebythe sparger strengthens the rake and the movement of the rake moves thesparger, allsubstantially as set forth. 3. 'In a brewing apparatus, thecombination of a tun providedwith an opening for of liquids and solids,a gate closing and controlling said opening, and a sieve-gate below saidfirst gate and protected by-itjand adapted to pass the liquids flowingfro m'the tun, but to arrest the solids ceeding therefrom, allsubstantially as set forth.

-4. In a brewing apparatus, the combination of a tun provided with asecond or falsebottom tank, openings into and from said form of the tun,and provided with a series of .arms adapted to agitate the contents ofthe tun on diiferent lines, means, substantially as set forth, forintroducing liquid into the inte rior of said rake and withdrawing ittherefrom without contact between said liquid and the mash within thetun, inlets for grains and other material, a sparger and meanssubstantially as set forth for introducing spargingwater into and fordelivering it from the same into the space to be occupied by the mass ofmaterial within the tun, a jacket surroundin'g said tun and providedwith inlets and outlets, an extension below the main body of said tun anopening into said. extension and an voutlet therefrom, removable gatescontrolling the passage of material through said openings, a removablesieve intermediate said gates adapted. tobe laced across said openings,pipes leading om said extension, be-

tween said gates and below said sieve, and a pipe, leading from saidextension to a point above the intended level be treated in the tun.

6. In a brewing apparatus, the combination of a tun provided with asecond or falsebottom tank, openings into and from said tank for thereceipt and discharge of liquids of the material to .and solids, a gateclosing the inlet. thereto and a gate closing the solids-outlet therefrom, located an appreciable space from the first'gate, allsubstantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I name to this specification, in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses, this 14th day of November, 1905. 4

CHARLES nnavrs.

I Witnesses:

- L. D; CHURCH,

A. G. N VERMILYA.

have signed my

